La Voz de Galicia,
Spain
From Spain with Love: Happy 300th Birthday Ben Franklin!
By Pedro González-Trevijano
Translated By Carly Gatzert
July 7, 2006
Mexico - La Voz de Galicia - Original Article (Spanish)
From Spain with love: Happy 300th birthday, Mr. Franklin!
[
Benjamin Frankin]
------------------------------------------------------------
This year
commemorates the 300th birthday of an exceptional man. I speak of
the unclassifiable Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790). His contemporary, John Adams,
stated that [Franklin was] someone, "more noteworthy than Newton,
Frederick the Great, or the great Voltaire." Therefore, it is no surprise that
men of similar caliber, Mozart and Beethoven, composed music in his honor. Franklin
was a modest and austere kind of a Socrates, but also sly, sharp and shrewd. He
was a Bostonian that, according to the verse, snatched lightning from the
sky and the scepter from tyrants. It is no coincidence that along with
Washington and Lincoln, Franklin completed a magical triad of illustrious
Americans, as his effigy on the $100 bill illustrates.
Among
other things, a number of Franklin's priceless reflections are worth repeating:
--Keep
your eyes wide open before marriage and half-shut afterwards.
--There
was never a good war or a bad peace.
--There
are three great friends: an old wife, an old dog, and ready money.
--Or: You
will find the key to success under the alarm clock.
[Franklin's]
insurmountable glossary of adages has been used for reference as much in his
own country as in Europe ].
Given his
many facets, Franklin's character was impossible to pidgeonhole:
intellectual motivator, illustrious scientist, successful inventor, professional
printer -- Poor Richard's Almanack
-- famed bookseller, prolific writer - The Sayings of Poor Richard - perceptive
philosopher, prestigious economist, father of the Constitution: driving force
behind the Declaration of Independence of 1776 and the Constitution of 1787, converted
abolitionist, pragmatic politician - There is no form of government, but
what may be a blessing to the people, if well administered - as well as a skillful diplomat.
[Editor's
Note: Franklin's full quote, in regard to the ultimate corruption of the
American republic, during a speech to the Constitutional Convention on June 28,
1787, is as follows:
I
agree to this Constitution, with all its faults, - if they are such; because I
think a general Government necessary for us, and there is no form of government
but what may be a blessing to the people, if well administered; and I believe,
farther, that this is likely to be well administered for a course of years, and
can only end in despotism, as other forms have done before it, when the people
shall become so corrupted as to need despotic government, being incapable of
any other ].
An America $100 bill.
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Precisely
because of Franklin's originality, one shouldn't forget his contradictions as
well: he was easy-going, but an acid debater; inflexible regarding his personal
convictions, although tolerant and a committed defender of liberty -- Those
who would give up essential liberty to purchase a little temporary safety,
deserve neither liberty nor safety – Instilled with strong convictions, all
the while being able to playfully enjoy mondane pleasures; perhaps paraphrasing [de] Tocqueville , a conservative
at heart and aristocratic in temperament; loyal to King George III of England,
while he fought for independence; of humble origins, but capable of earning a considerable
fortune; convinced of the advantages of free enterprise, although always a
supporter of the State, etc.
Also a
scientist, his list of discoveries is enormous: the lightning rod, the electric
battery, glasses [bifocals], the harmonica, the Franklin stove, the odometer,
the map of the Gulf Stream, and the fluid theory of electricity. He even appears to have been quite advanced
in Sudokus! [a puzzle-solving game].
Spain's Royal Academy of History has added to Franklin's list of honors in their journal, Spanish Illustrated Guide to the
Independence of the United States, analyzing [Franklin's] involvement with
the Count d'Aranda [ambassador of Spain to Paris], financial
aid from the San Carlos Bank, and the conquest of Pensacola, by Bernardo de Galvez .
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Franklin's
epitaph verifies his originality:
The
body of ... B. Franklin, Printer ... (Like the Cover of an Old Book ... Its Contents torn Out ... And Stript of
its Lettering and Gilding) ... Lies Here, Food for Worms. ... But the Work shall not be Lost; ... For it will (as he Believ'd) ... Appear once More ... In a New and More Elegant Edition ... Revised and Corrected ... By the Author.
Rest
assured you did both, Big Ben!
Spanish Version Below
Todo un personaje
PEDRO GONZÁLEZ-TREVIJANO |
SE
CONMEMORA este año el trescientos aniversario de un
hombre excepcional. Hablo del inclasificable Benjamín Franklin (1706-1790). Como señalaba su coetáneo John Adams, alguien «con una fama mayor que la de Newton, Federico el Grande y el gran Voltaire». Y así no extraña que los mismísimos Mozart y Beethoven compusieran música en su honor. Un Sócrates modesto, austero y bondadoso, pero también socarrón, incisivo y sagaz. Un bostoniano que, según el verso, «arrebató el rayo al cielo y el cetro a los tiranos». No es casual, por tanto, que forje, con Washington
y Lincoln, la tríada mágica de norteamericanos ilustres, como atestigua su efigie en los billetes de cien dólares.
Valgan, entre otras, algunas joyas de su pensamiento: «Mantén los ojos bien abiertos antes de casarte y medio cerrados después»; «Nunca ha habido una buena guerra o una mala paz»; «Hay tres viejos amigos: una vieja esposa, un viejo perro y dinero a mano»; o «La clave del éxito se encuentra bajo el reloj despertador». Un glosario insuperable para quien fue un referente tanto en su país como en Europa.
Un personaje imposible de encorsetar, dadas sus poliédricas facetas: animador intelectual, científico ilustre, inventor de éxito, impresor avezado -Almanaque del Buen Ricardo-, librero afamado, escritor fluido -Proverbios del viejo Enrique-, perspicaz filósofo, economista de prestigio, padre constituyente -impulsor de la Declaración de Independencia de
1776 y de la Constitución de 1787-, convencido abolicionista, político pragmático -«No hay mejor forma de gobierno que el
que constituya una bendición para el pueblo, si está bien administrado»- así como hábil diplomático.
Precisamente por su originalidad tampoco deben olvidarse sus contradicciones: bonachón, pero polemista ácido; inflexible en sus convicciones íntimas, aunque tolerante y defensor de la libertad -«Aquellos que entregan una libertad esencial a cambio de seguridad temporal, no merecen la libertad, ni la seguridad»-; imbuido de fuertes creencias, al tiempo que degustador lúdico de los placeres mundanos; quizás, parafraseando a Tocqueville, conservador de corazón, pero aristócrata de razón -fiel al rey Jorge III de Inglaterra mientras abanderaba la Independencia-; de origen humilde, pero capaz de amasar una considerable fortuna; convencido de las ventajas de la libre empresa, aunque siempre próximo al Estado, etcétera.
En cuanto científico, la lista de sus descubrimientos es ingente: el pararrayos, la batería eléctrica, las gafas bifocales, la armónica, las chimeneas económicas, el cuentakilómetros,
el grado de calor de la corriente del Golfo y la teoría del fluido eléctrico. ¡Hasta aparece como un adelantado de los sudokus!
A los homenajes se ha sumado la Real Academia de la Historia con unas jornadas sobre La Ilustración española en la independencia de los Estados Unidos , analizando su relación con el conde de Aranda, la ayuda del Banco de San Carlos y la conquista de Pensacola por Bernardo de Gálvez.
Su epitafio certifica su originalidad: «Aquí yace, pasto de los gusanos, el cuerpo de Benjamín Franklin, impresor; como la tapa de un libro viejo cuyas hojas están rotas y cuya encuadernación está estropeada; pero su obra no ha perecido, puesto que reaparecerá, como él espera, en una nueva edición, revisada y corregida por el autor». Como se ve, una persona capaz de hacer realidad otro de sus adagios: «Para perpetuarse hay que hacer cosas que merezcan la pena o escribir cosas que merezcan la pena ser escritas.» ¡Y a fe que lograste ambas cosas, Big Ben!